Vineyards in Spain have survived bombs, wars, and plagues, but now they are facing their most life-threatening opponent yet – climate change. Wine connoisseurs can still enjoy a fine glass of Spanish wine, but the reality that some vintages may become increasingly rare or even nonexistent will be harder to swallow. Currently the largest producer of grapes in Europe, Spain will soon be competing with non-traditional wine producers in the North, such as England and Germany, where the increased temperatures have benefited the grape harvest.

Wild Chronicles travels to Cuba where two biologists explore underwater caves to discover what lives beneath the Earth’s surface. Cave-diving is is always dangerous, especially if it has never been explored before. But the reward of discovering a new species is well worth the effort.

Redwoods are the tallest living trees on the planet, and one of the best places to see them is northern California’s Redwood National Forest. Two naturalists think they have found the world’s tallest tree hidden among the many giants. One daring researcher climbs to the top to see how the tree measures up, learning much about the species along the way.

The Baka people maintain their ancient hunter-gatherer lifestyle in Cameroon’s rainforests but loggers are encroaching and survival is a challenge. Join the resilient Baka on a hunt, with just a single bullet available to take down a forest buffalo needed to feed the village for weeks to come.

Sailing Antarctica is not the average summer vacation. Wild Chronicles meets a family of explorers and naturalists who sail Antarctica’s frigid waters in their tiny yacht to monitor chinstrap penguins. Days are long and quarters are tight, but Antarctica’s beauty is worth the ride.

Using maggots to clean infected wounds was standard medical practice in the U.S. a century ago, but antibiotics have since replaced these creepy healers. Watch as a bio-surgical researcher in the United Kingdom and a doctor in Oregon put hungry maggots to the test on some stubborn wounds. Judging from the results of their research, this treatment may be coming soon to a hospital near you.

Disguised in a whooping crane costume, Wild Chronicles host Boyd Matson takes flight in Necedah, WI with Operation Migration and a flock of young cranes. Bred in captivity without adult cranes to teach migratory routes, conservationists must lead the way. Highly endangered, and once nearly extinct, these tallest native birds of North America are making a comeback.

Watch young chimpanzees beat Japanese college students in a short-term-memory test by a wide margin--raising questions about primate intelligence and evolution. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

On a visit to a Botswana watering hole, Wild Chronicles' Boyd Matson videotaped pachyderms frolicking like few have ever observed before. Credit: Video by Public Television's Wild Chronicles, from National Geographic Mission Programs. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

Reviled by many, Ruppell’s griffon vultures are true survivors on Africa’s Serengeti plains. At times one of the world’s richest meadows, the Serengeti’s rich grasses wither in the dry season. Riding high on the wind, vultures monitor the great cycle of life and death, awaiting a feast for their growing families.

In order to reign in an aggressive Australian shepherd, Cesar gives the dog a taste of its own herding tactics.

Officials in South Korea have high hopes for the noses of seven Labrador retrievers cloned from a star drug-sniffing canine. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

In Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, Wild Chronicles follows adventurer Jon Krakauer across 40 miles of barren landscape to witness the challenge of his lifetime. Troubled by a tragedy on Mount Everest that took the lives of several of his friends, Krakauer hopes to conquer not only a mountain that has never been scaled before, but his personal doubts as well.

Kakouma National Park in southeastern Chad is home to one of the few viable elephant populations in Africa, but these massive beasts are in trouble. Wild Chronicles presents exclusive footage as National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Mike Fay puts his life on the line, evading gun-wielding poachers, to save these majestic animals.

Kakouma National Park in southeastern Chad is home to one of the few viable elephant populations in Africa, but these massive beasts are in trouble. Wild Chronicles presents exclusive footage as National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Mike Fay puts his life on the line, evading gun-wielding poachers, to save these majestic animals.

A girl born with two faces in India is a form of conjoined twin. Villagers are revering her as a reincarnation of a Hindu goddess. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

A girl born with two faces in India is a form of conjoined twin. Villagers are revering her as a reincarnation of a Hindu goddess. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

The rare Asiatic lion cub born at a Japanese zoo is one of only about 300 left in the world. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

The rare Asiatic lion cub born at a Japanese zoo is one of only about 300 left in the world. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

Art comes "alive" in a South Korean hologram exhibit that includes 3-D animations of da Vinci's "Last Supper" and "Mona Lisa," the Associated Press reports. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

Art comes "alive" in a South Korean hologram exhibit that includes 3-D animations of da Vinci's "Last Supper" and "Mona Lisa," the Associated Press reports. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

A bottlenose dolphin saves two pygmy sperm whales in New Zealand. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

A bottlenose dolphin saves two pygmy sperm whales in New Zealand. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

A scientist uncovers tiny human bones in a tropical island cave, in what could be a major discovery. For more on this topic, watch "Mystery Skulls of Palau" on Monday, March 17, 10 PM PT/ET on the National Geographic Channel. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

A scientist uncovers tiny human bones in a tropical island cave, in what could be a major discovery. For more on this topic, watch "Mystery Skulls of Palau" on Monday, March 17, 10 PM PT/ET on the National Geographic Channel. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

A three-month-old polar bear named Wilbar is being raised by its mother in Stuttgart, Germany, the city's zoo has revealed, after keeping the birth under wraps. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

A three-month-old polar bear named Wilbar is being raised by its mother in Stuttgart, Germany, the city's zoo has revealed, after keeping the birth under wraps. (c) 2008 National Geographic (AP)

These extremely gigantic cows resemble bovine body-builders. See how breeders have achieved such amazing results.

These extremely gigantic cows resemble bovine body-builders. See how breeders have achieved such amazing results.

Nearly naked men test their strength in snow and cold water as part of an annual Japanese festival, believed to date back a thousand years.